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売りに出される著者資格:論文工場はいかにして科学的業績を商品に変えているのか

Authorship for Sale: How Paper Mills Are Turning Scientific Credit Into a Commodity

論文の著者枠が金で買える——1万8千件超の広告データが暴いた「ペーパーミル」の実態と、学術界の信頼を蝕む深刻な構造的問題に迫る。
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Can the author line of a research paper be bought? The latest evidence suggests that, in some cases, it can. A Nature report published on April 24, 2026 described a new dataset called BuyTheBy, built from more than 18,700 advertisements posted between March 2020 and early April 2026 by seven paper mills. These companies, operating in places including India, Iraq, Uzbekistan, Latvia, Ukraine, Russia, and Kazakhstan, advertise authorship slots on academic papers. Reported prices for a first-author slot ranged from $56 to $5,631, and another report based on the same dataset said the average was a little over $1,030. Several ads also appear to match papers that were later published in journals. (nature.com)

Why is this so serious? Because authorship is not supposed to be a decoration. The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors says an author should make a substantial intellectual contribution, help draft or critically revise the paper, approve the final version, and accept accountability for the work. In other words, a name on a paper is a promise of responsibility. Buying that name turns authorship into a product. It also fits a wider “publish or perish” culture: Nature reported in 2025 that companies selling authorship thrive where academic success is strongly tied to publication records, and a COPE-STM report warned that fake papers, often linked to fake authorship, are growing fast enough to threaten normal editorial systems. (icmje.org)

The market is not just shady; it may be expanding faster than science can clean it up. A 2025 PNAS study found that suspected paper-mill products were doubling every 1.5 years, compared with 3.3 years for retractions and 15 years for scientific publications overall. An earlier study of one Russia-based paper mill identified at least 434 potentially linked papers and estimated $6.5 million in co-authorship slots offered in just 2019–2021. So, can paper authorship be bought? In the real world, yes. But every bought name weakens trust in journals, universities, and even medical knowledge itself. For honest researchers and readers, that is the real price. (amaral.northwestern.edu)

by EigoBoxAI
作成:2026/04/25 09:05
レベル:中上級 (語彙目安:4000〜6000語)

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