When people in Japan talk about “160 yen per dollar,” they are talking about a very weak yen. That number has become a warning line. In 2024, after the yen fell past 160, Japan confirmed huge yen-buying operations: ¥9.8 trillion from April 26 to May 29, and another ¥5.5 trillion on July 11-12. In late April and early May 2026, Reuters again reported sharp jumps in the yen that looked like intervention, with sources estimating about $35 billion was used and former Bank of Japan official Atsushi Takeuchi saying Tokyo would likely act again if the yen slid back toward 160. (mof.go.jp)
Why has the yen been so weak? The biggest reason is the interest-rate gap between Japan and the United States. For years, Japan kept rates very low, so investors could borrow yen cheaply and move money into higher-yielding assets abroad. This is called the carry trade. The Bank of Japan raised its policy rate to around 0.5% in January 2025, but the IMF still said the yen’s big swings in 2024 were driven mainly by interest-rate differentials and amplified by carry-trade positions. (investing.com)
So why does Japan try to protect the yen? The answer is everyday life. A weak yen makes imported fuel, food, and raw materials more expensive. Reuters reported that the government estimates a 10% fall in the yen can add 0.3% to inflation, which can hurt real wages and reduce consumer spending. The Bank of Japan has also said that recent yen depreciation can raise import prices. (investing.com)
Still, Japan is not trying to fix the yen at one perfect number forever. The IMF has supported Japan’s flexible exchange-rate system, and former top currency diplomat Hiroshi Watanabe said intervention cannot guide the yen to a fixed level; it works best when markets become too wild. Japan also has large foreign reserves — about $1.37 trillion at the end of March 2026 — so intervention is a powerful tool, but not a complete cure. In simple words, Japan is really trying to stop panic, protect households, and buy time. (thedailystar.net)










