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ポリヴェーガル理論の理解:自律神経系の新しい視点

Understanding the Polyvagal Theory: A New Perspective on the Autonomic Nervous System

ポリヴェーガル理論は、1994年に米国イリノイ大学の脳神経学者スティーブン・ポージェス博士によって提唱された自律神経に関する新しい理論です。この理論は、従来の交感神経と副交感神経の二元論を超え、迷走神経が進化の過程で異なる2つの系統に分かれ、個体内で3つの階層構造を形成することを示しています。特に臨床心理学やトラウマ治療の分野で注目され、レイプ被害者が逃げられない「凍りつき」反応を医学的に説明する枠組みを提供しています。
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The Polyvagal Theory
was proposed
by Dr. Stephen Porges,
a neuroscientist
at the University of Illinois,
in 1994.
This theory
is about
the autonomic nervous system.
Before the Polyvagal Theory,
it was commonly believed
that the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
had opposing effects
on a single target organ.
The parasympathetic nervous system
was thought to work
during relaxation,
while the sympathetic nervous system
was active
during stress or activity.
The vagus nerve,
which is the tenth cranial nerve,
makes up 80%
of the parasympathetic nervous system.
According to the Polyvagal Theory,
the vagus nerve in mammals
has two branches
that evolved differently.
These branches
form a three-level hierarchy
in the autonomic nervous system
within an individual.
The term "polyvagal"
means "many vagus nerves."
provides a new perspective
on the evolution
of the autonomic nervous system
in mammals,
especially the function
of the vagus nerve.
Clinical psychology,
particularly trauma specialists,
were the first
to pay attention
to this theory.
Traditional theories
of the autonomic nervous system and stress
could not explain
why rape victims
often froze
and could not move,
even when they wanted
to escape or say no.
In court,
this sometimes led
to the mistaken belief
that the victim had consented.
offers a theoretical framework
to understand
the defense responses
of organisms
in life-threatening situations,
such as rape.
It explains medically
why states like "freeze response"
or "shutdown" occur.
by 3kuni
作成:2024/07/22 11:45
レベル:中級 (語彙目安:2000〜2500語)

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