Introduction
The Nankai Trough, located south of the Japanese archipelago, has long been a focal point for disaster prevention experts and seismologists in Japan. A potential mega-earthquake in this region could cause extensive damage across a wide area of Japan. This article delves into the overview of the Nankai Trough earthquake, the predicted damage, recent developments, and the preparedness measures we can take.
What is the Nankai Trough?
The Nankai Trough is a submarine trench situated south of Japan, where the Philippine Sea Plate is subducting beneath the Eurasian Plate. This region is prone to accumulating strain along the plate boundary, significantly increasing the likelihood of large-scale seismic events.
Past Earthquakes and Future Predictions
Historically, this area has experienced repeated large-scale earthquakes, such as the Showa Tonankai Earthquake and the Showa Nankai Earthquake. Experts are deeply concerned about the next major earthquake.
- Predicted magnitude: Class 8 to 9
- Probability of occurrence: 70% to 80% within the next 30 years
Expected Damage
According to damage estimates by the Central Disaster Management Council, a mega-earthquake in the Nankai Trough could have the following impacts:
-
Strong Shaking:
- Some areas from Shizuoka Prefecture to Miyazaki Prefecture: Seismic intensity 7
- Surrounding areas: Seismic intensity 6+ to 6-
-
Massive Tsunami:
- Pacific coast from the Kanto region to the Kyushu region: Potential for tsunamis exceeding 10 meters
These damage estimates are organized as one possible scenario, and actual conditions during an earthquake may vary.
Recent Developments
Recently, following an earthquake centered in the Hyuga-nada region, the Japan Meteorological Agency issued a "Nankai Trough Earthquake Temporary Information (Mega-earthquake Warning)." This information indicates an increased likelihood of a large-scale earthquake along the Nankai Trough.
Preparedness Measures
To prepare for a Nankai Trough earthquake, it is crucial to implement the following disaster prevention measures:
- Secure furniture
- Identify evacuation sites
- Stockpile emergency food and water
- Confirm communication methods with family members
- Participate in local disaster drills
Conclusion
The Nankai Trough earthquake is one of the most severe natural disaster risks Japan faces. While its occurrence is inevitable, appropriate preparation and knowledge can minimize the damage. Raising individual disaster awareness and taking necessary measures are key to confronting this mega-earthquake.