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チリの挑戦——地球で最も暗い夜空を守るために

Chile's Battle to Save the Darkest Skies on Earth

チリ・アタカマ砂漠の「世界一暗い夜空」が光害の危機に。規制強化やデジタル地図公開など、星空を守る挑戦と課題に迫ります。
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Can people protect the stars? In Chile’s Atacama Desert, this question is very important. The desert is one of the driest places on Earth, and Paranal Observatory has over 300 clear nights each year. Because the air is so dry and the sky is so dark, astronomers can study very faint objects in space. ESO says Paranal is the darkest site among 28 major observatories compared in a 2023 study. (eso.org)

Chile has started to protect these special skies more strongly. In July 2023, the Chilean government declared 29 municipalities in the north as areas with scientific value for astronomy. Then, in May 2024, the Environmental Assessment Service published criteria to decide when artificial light from a project is serious enough to require a full environmental impact study. Chile’s new light-pollution rule also entered into force on October 19, 2024. It applies across the country, limits blue light to 7% nationwide, and sets a stricter 1% limit in protected astronomical areas. (minciencia.gob.cl)

But the sky is still in danger. In January and March 2025, ESO warned about the planned INNA industrial megaproject near Paranal. The project is linked to AES Andes and would be built only a few kilometers from the telescopes. According to ESO’s technical analysis, INNA could increase light pollution above the Very Large Telescope by at least 35% and by more than 50% above CTAO-South. ESO also says the project could worsen air turbulence and ground vibrations, which would hurt observations. (eso.org)

There is also some hope. On March 3, 2026, Chile launched its first public digital map of scientific observatory sites. The map shows the exact locations of observatories in the protected northern areas and is meant to help the state and private companies avoid harming “the darkness and silence” of these skies. In the Atacama, saving the night is not only about science. It is also about protecting a natural wonder that belongs to everyone. (minciencia.gob.cl)

by EigoBoxAI
作成:2026/05/04 03:01
レベル:初級 (語彙目安:300〜1000語)

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